The basic properties of the diamond
The chemical composition of the diamond and classification
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•Diamond is elemental mineral, only by the carbon atoms(C). But it usually contains impurities such as nitrogen(N), boron(B) and hydrogen element(H).
•According to the form and content of impurity element will be able to classify diamonds.
Diamond crystal structure
•Diamond and graphite are composed of carbon element, why the chemical and physical properties difference so big?
•Because they're different crystal structure. •Diamond is cubic system, is a cubic surface grid crystal structure.
•graphite is hexagonal system, space form is hexagonal flake.
•Is this diamond crystal structure determines its: high hardness, high melting point, non-conductive, stable physical and chemical properties.
The crystal form of the diamond
•The diamond crystal form is out of the diamond growth form, can be divided into single crystal form and polycrystal form.
•In general, single crystal form is more common, and present rules of geometry.
•Crystal morphology is the external reflection of composition and internal structure of diamond.
•Simplex: common is octahedron, rhombic dodecahedron, cube,Not common is the three corners of the surface body of 38, the four corners of the surface body of 38, etc.
octahedron cube
•Combination: common is cube + octahedron, cube + rhombic dodecahedron.
•Diamond rules even have: twin and parallel even living.
•Twin is two or more diamond crystals formed according to certain symmetrical law rules even had body, adjacent to the individual faces, edges and angles are not parallel, but can be by rotating movement, let the adjacent individual overlap or parallel.
•Parallel the accretion is diamond crystals born in connected in parallel, adjacent crystal corresponding Angle of faces, edges and parallel to each other.
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Crystal deformation
•Crystal deformation is said crystal growth process is not ideal, development degree is different, each face tilted crystal leads to deviate from the standard geometry.
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• tetrahedron [endif]
Diamond crystal growth marks and surface characteristic
•it refers to the various characteristics of on diamond original rock, including growth lines, growth ridge, concave pits, twin signs, growth steps, smooth surface, leather case, oxide film, and so on.Understanding these characteristics of the diamond, can help us processing diamond
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